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Journal/NDM49 2014 eng
New Data on Minerals. Volume 49, 2014. 154 pages, 105 photos, drawings, and schemes.
Содержание
Summary
This volume contains description of emmerichite, a new lamprophyllite group mineral from the Eifel volcanic region in Germany, nanocrystals of native molybdenum, iron, and titanium found from impact glasses of lunar regolith, and Si-rich zeolite yugawaralite discovered fromthe Fersman outcrop at the Oshurkovskoe apatite deposit in Buryatia, Russia. The new data for betalomonosovite from the Khibiny massif and allanite (orthite) from Verkhoturye in the Middle Urals are given. Mineralogy of plutonogenic gold-quartz ores in the Northern Kazakhstan is discussed in detail. The results of studying structures of veatchite polytypes and related pentaborates are given; the crystallization products of melts in the Cu-Fe-S system with admixture of Pt, Pd, and Sn are described.
The section Mineralogical Museums and Collections reports newe xhibits in the Ore-PetrographyMuseumat the Institute of Geology of Ore Deposits, Petrography, Mineralogy and Geochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences; exhibition Bauxites in the Fersman Mineralogical Museum; and mineralogical collection of V.I. Stepanov stored in this museum. The paper in the section Persons is devoted to the 90th anniversary of the birth of V.I. Stepanov. Here, biography of D.A.. Golitsyn, Russian diplomat and collector is given. The journal publishes two brief notes devoted to the 130th anniversary of the birth of A.E. Fersman: addition to biobibliography of this outstanding scientist and mineral fersmanite named in his honor. This volume is completed by the article about mineral aggregates fromthe Prometheus Cave near Tsqaltubo,Western Georgia.
This journal is of interest for mineralogists, geochemists, geologists, staff of natural history museums, collectors, and rocks aficionados.
Editorial Board
Editor in Chief: V.K. Garanin - Doctor of Geology and Mineralogy, Professor
Executive Editor: E.A. Borisova - Ph.D.of Geology and Mineralogy
Members of Editorial Board:
M.I. Novgorodova - Doctor of Geology and Mineralogy, Professor
B.Ye. Borutzky - Doctor of Geology and Mineralogy
E.I. Semenov - Doctor of Geology and Mineralogy
S.N. Nenasheva - Ph.D.of Geology and Mineralogy
E.N. Matvienko - Ph.D.of Geology and Mineralogy
M.B. Chistyakova - Ph.D.of Geology and Mineralogy
M.E. Generalov - Ph.D.of Geology and Mineralogy
L.А. Pautov - Senior Researcher
Publishing group
Photo - M.B. Leybov
Leader of Publishing group - M.B. Leybov
Managing Editor - L.A. Cheshko
Editor - A.L. Cheshko
Design and Layout - I.A. Glazov
Translators - I. Anisimov, I.A. Baksheev, V. Karpenko, A.S. Yakubchuk
Editors (English Style) - Dr. Peter Modreski and Dr. Edward Rosenzweig
You can order the current issue or subscribe to the magazine at www.minbook.com or by email minbooks@online.ru
Сontent
New Minerals and Their Varieties, New Finds of Rare Minerals, Mineral Paragenesis
Emmerichite, Ва2Na(Na,Fe2+)2(Fe3+,Mg)Ti2(Si2O7)2O2F2, a new lamprophyllite-group mineral from the Eifel volcanic region, Germany, p. 5 - 13
Emmerichite, Ва2Na(Na,Fe2+)2(Fe3+,Mg)Ti2Si2O7)2O2F2, a new lamprophyllite-group mineral has been found in the Rother Kopf and Graulay basalt quarries, Eifel volcanic region, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany in late assemblages consisting of nepheline, augite,melilite, götzenite, lileyite, fluorapatite, as well as (in Rother Kopf) leucite, phlogopite, magnetite, perovskite, and günterblassite. Emmerichite occurs as lamellar crystals up to 0.05 × 0.3 × 0.5 mm in size and epitaxial intergrowths with lileyite. The new mineral is brown, with vitreous luster. It is brittle, the Mohs' hardness is 3–4; cleavage is perfect parallel to {100}. The calculated density is 3.864 g/cm3. Emmerichite is biaxial, (+), a = 1.725(4), b= 1.728(4), g = 1.759(4). The chemical composition (electron microprobe Fe2+/Fe3+ estimated from X-ray structural analysis, wt.%) is as follows: Na2O 5.44, K2O 1.03, CaO 1.98, SrO 3.23, BaO 25.94, MgO 3.13, MnO 2.22, FeO 4.85, Fe2O3 6.73, TiO2 15.21, ZrO2 0.52, Nb2O5 1.32, SiO2 27.13, F 3.54, -O=F2 -1.49, total is 100.78. The empirical formula is Ba1.49Sr0.27K0.19Na1.54Ca0.31Mn0.275Mg0.68Fe2+0.59Fe3+0.74Ti1.67Zr0.04Nb0.09Si3.97O16.36F1.64. The crystal structure has been refined on a single crystal to R=0.044. The new mineral is monoclinic C2/m, a=19.960(1), b=7.098(1), c=5.4074(3)Å, b=96.368(1)°, V=761.37(12)Å3, Z=2. Emmerichite is isostructural with other monoclinic minerals of the lamprophyllite group. Its crystal chemical formula is [Ba,Sr,K]2[(Na,Ca)(Na,Fe2+,Mn2+,Mg)2(Fe3+,Mg)][(Ti,Fe3+,Nb,Zr)2(Si2O7)2O2](F,O)2. The strongest lines in the X-ray diffraction pattern [d, Å (I, %) (hkl)]: 9.97 (55) (200); 3.461 (65) (510, 311, 401); 3.312 (40) (220, 600); 2.882 (38) (22-1, 420); 2.792 (100) (221, 511); 2.670 (56) (002, 601, 20-2); 2.629 (45) (710, 42-1); 2.140 (57) (131, 022, 621, 22-2). The type specimen is deposited in the Fersman Mineralogical Museum, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia. читать далее...
Nanocrystals of native molybdenum, iron and titanium within impact glasses of lunar regolith, p. 14 - 22
This paper discusses the results of study of the impact glass fragments from the Mare Fecunditatis and Mare Crisium regolith samples brought on the Earth by the Soviet Automatic stations Luna-16 and Luna-24. Nanoinclusions of native molybdenum, iron and titanium were found in the samples with scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM, TEM). It is shown that these inclusions are single crystals. A natural high pressure native ω-titanium was identified for the first time. The composition and structure of glass matrix of the regolith samples indicates its extreme micro and nano heterogeneity. The probable formation mechanisms of the studied nanocrystals are discussed. читать далее...
New data on betalomonosovite, p. 23 - 40
The new data on compositional variations, refined crystal structure, thermal properties, and formation conditions of betalomonosovite are discussed. The results obtained assert that betalomonosovite differs from lomonosovite with which the former is identified. It has individual chemical and structural features, and distinct geological and genetic setting, and should be rehabilitated as individual mineral species. читать далее...
Yugawaralite from the A.E. Fersman outcrop of the Oshurkovskoe apatite deposit, Buryatiya, Russia, p. 41 - 49
During research on mineralization of the A.E. Fersman outcrop, Oshurkovskoe apatite deposit (Buryatia), the following Ca-zeolites were identified: yugawaralite Са[AlSi3O8]2·4Н2О, stellerite Ca4[Al2Si7O18]4·28H2O, laumontite Са[AlSi2O6]2·4Н2О, heulandite-Са Са(Ca,Na)2-3Al3(Al,Si)2Si13O36·12H2O, and stilbite (Na,K,Ca)9[Al9Si27O72]·28H2O. This is the first time that yugawaralite has been found in Russia. The minerals were found both in zeolitic veinlets, which are split monzodiorites, and on the surface of monzodiorite fragments in association with augite, pigeonite, diopside-hedenbergite series, ferroedenite, and almandine-spessartite series. читать далее...
New data on allanite from Verkhoturje (for the 180th anniversary of the discovery of orthite in Russia), p. 50 - 56
The history of the discovery of orthite in Russia (Verkhoturje, Central Ural Mountains) and the results of its investigation by A.Ya. Kupffer, G. Rose, R. Hermann, and N.I. Koksharov are briefly discussed in this article. Orthite was found as crystals in a pegmatite vein in biotite granites (Troitsky Stone). The main minerals are as follows: microcline, quartz, biotite, amphibole; minor and accessory species: allanite, magnetite, schorl, fluorapatite, zircon, epidote, calcite, chalcopyrite. New data on the composition and morphology of crystals are provided. The most developed forms are: (100), (001), (111), and (110); less developed forms are (101), (102), (103), (302), (304), (706), (221), and (112); occasionally – twins on (100) are found. Crystals are zonal and sectorial with respect to average ato micnumber and in the distribution of Ca, Fe, Al, REE, Th, and Ti. Orthite from Verkhoturje is allanite-(Ce); chemical composition (microprobe analysis, wt.%): SiO2 31.76–33.47; TiO2 0.10–0.23; ThO2 0.26–0.40; UO2 0.00–0.04; Al2O3 16.85–20.05; Y2O3 0.01–0.11; La2O3 4.38–5.82; Се2O3 7.82–10.30; Pr2O3 0.49–1.02; Nd2O3 2.63–3.10; Sm2O3 0.20–0.36; Gd2O3 0.12–0.19; MgO 0.61–0.84; CaO 11.03–14.99; FeO 10.09–12.59; MnO 0.55–0.75; Na2O 0.00–0.11; F 0.09–0.20; total 92.76–96.64. Comparison with the first analysis of R. Hermann (1848) (with La > Ce) is shown. The investigated mineral is poorly metamict, providing a reason for the underestimated totals of the analyses. читать далее...
New data on mineralogy of deposits of plutonogenic gold-quartz formation in the Northern Central Kazakhstan. Part I, p. 57 - 73
The formation history of mineralogy of plutonogenic gold-quartz deposits of the Stepnyak group in the Northern Central Kazakhstan is discussed. Mineral facies referred to the depth of the deposit formation; mineralogical features of ore shoots, nature of ore-bearing fluids, white micas, quartz, carbonates, scheelite, pyrite, arsenopyrite, pyrrhotite, gersdorffite, sphalerite, berthierite, argentotennantite, argentotetrahedrite, roshchinite, bismuth tellurides and sulfotellurides, mattagamite, Co-bearing frohbergite and melonite, montbrayite, calaverite, sylvanite, petzite, petzite-hessite solid solution, and hessite are reported. The deposition sequence from Au to Ag tellurides and affinity for Te: Co > Fe, Ni > Bi, Sb > Pb > Ag, Hg > Au, Cu are improved. читать далее...
Crystal Chemistry, Minerals as Prototypes of New Materials, Physical and Chemical Properties of Minerals
Modular structure of the veatchite polytypes and of the related pentaborates, p. 75 - 89
This paper describes a crystal chemical analysis of natural and synthetic veatchite-related pentaborates based on a modular approach. The structures of three polytypes of veatchite Sr2[В5О8(ОН2·[B(OH)3]·H2O, as well as similar veatchite synthetic modifications, are built up of three-layer stacks isolated from each other and formed by Ca(Sr,Ba)-polyhedra, connected on both sides with boron-oxygen networks. B-O-sheets are built of [Вt2ВΔ3О8(ОН)]2-, pentagroups, formed by two B-tetrahedra and three B-triangles. From the positions seen using this modular approach, the structures of the veatchite derivative pentaborates – volkovskite, biringuccite, gowerite and nasinite – have been examined. The fundamental building block (FBB or basic structure) of pentaborates is the volume unit with a formula {М[В5О8(ОН)]}2· {[B(OH)3],H2O}2 (М = Са, Sr, Ba) and metric characteristics a* ~ 6.7Å, b* ~ 6.7Å, c* ~ 10.8Å, a* ~ 105°, b* ~ 75°, g* ~ 120°. Possible basic models of veatchite-like polytype modifications with the symmetry P1-, P11n, Р1211 have been derived by geometrical construction of hypothetical structures. The most probable basic structure has been defined by analysis of interatomic distances and energy testing with using a universal model of the interatomic potentials. The diversity of mineral species in the pentaborates group under consideration are associated with variations of composition, symmetry of blocks and ways of their joining in structure. читать далее...
The Pt-Pd-Sn alloys in the Pt-Pd sulfides crystallization field in the Cu-Fe-S system, p. 90 - 94
To understand conditions under which the unique Cu-Fe association was formed at the Norilsk Cu-Ni deposits, crystallization products of melts were studied in the Cu-Fe-S system with Pt, Pd, and Sn admixtures (1 wt.%). Pt-Pd-Sn alloys–analogues of rustenburgite Pt3Sn, atokite Pd3Fe and palladium rustenburgite were synthesized in phase associations with chalcopyrite, isocubanite, andmooihoekite corresponding to the stability field of Pt-Pd sulfides analogues of the naturally occurring minerals malanite (Pt,Cu,Fe)S4, cooperite PtS, vysotskite PdS, and braggite (Pt,Pd)S. The results thus obtained testify that the presence of Sn, together with Pt and Pd, in themelts of the central part of the Cu-Fe-S system corresponding to the compositions of magmatic Cu-Fe sulfide ores of the Norilsk Cu-Ni deposits predetermines the preferable crystallization of Pt-Pd-Sn alloys. читать далее...
Mineralogical Museums and Collections
Exhibition of bauxites at the Fersman Mineralogical Museum, Russian Academy of Sciences, p. 96 - 102
The Fersman Mineralogical Museum exhibits a genetic collection of bauxites, which is the first exhibition of the type ever on display at such museums. According to their genesis, bauxites are classified into two major types: residual and sedimentary. The former are produced by in-situ weathering of aluminosilicate rocks and compose a portion of the lateriteweathering crust that is preservedwhere it has been generated. The exhibition displays composite profiles of laterite weathering crusts on granites, gabbro, gabbro-amphibolites, and phyllites, with the uppermost zones of the profiles made up of bauxite. Sedimentary bauxite is formed when a laterite weathering crust suffers destruction, and its clastic material is then redeposited. Depending on the environment in which this material is redeposited, sedimentary bauxite is further classified into lagoonal, lacustrine, paludal, riverine, slope, and karst types. Almost all of these are on display at the exhibition, which demonstrates the diversity of bauxite textures. Some of them provide unambiguous evidence of the bauxite type. читать далее...
New exhibitions in the Ore-Petrography Museum, p. 103 - 110
The article is dedicated to new expositions of the Ore-Petrography Museum, which has systematic collection of all known types of magmatic rocks and ores. Nevertheless the museum was planned to support the institute’s researchers, there are collections created for educational purposes revealing geological processes and history of geological studies of Russia. читать далее...
The mineralogical collection of Viktor Ivanovich Stepanov (1924–1988): its museum value and scientific and social importance, p. 111 - 125
V.I. Stepanov’s Mineralogical Collection was assembled between 1935 and 1985 and is comparable in its importance with collections of some of Russia’s largest Mineralogical Museums. Given the lack of research interest in Mineralogical Museum work and mineral collecting at the time, Stepanov developed his own methodology in working with mineralogical collections. Many of themethods developed by Stepanov proved internationally innovative. This article describes his methodology and provides statistical data on the Stepanov Collection. читать далее...
Personalities
On addition to the biobibliography of Alexander E. Fersman, p. 127 - 130
The article supplies arguments for the necessity of publication of addition to biobibliography of academician Alexander E. Fersman, describes specifics of the material preparation to such publications. Frequency of publications dedicated to A.E. Fersman was analyzed and long-felt need of republishing of his science popularization works was emphasized. читать далее...
Viktor Ivanovich Stepanov–unique mineralogist and inexhaustible toiler, p. 131 - 135
Viktor Ivanovich Stepanov (1924–1988) was unique expert mineralogist, encyclopedic mineralogist. He worked on deposits of various genetic types. He collected the largest mineralogical collection and donated it to Fersman Mineralogical Museum. His interest turned to speleology and mineral formation in caves during last years of his life. читать далее...
Dmitriy Alekseevich Golitsyn–diplomat, art critic, scientist and collector, p. 136 - 146
The article describes Russian diplomatDmitriyAlekseevichGolitsyn (1734–1803). Facts of his activities, scientific work, mineralogical collection are presented. читать далее...
Mineralogical Notes
The bright optical face of fersmanite, p. 148 - 149
The short characteristic of fersmanite, rare mineral of alkaline magmatites, pegmatites and hydrothermalites is given. The mineral is called in honor of Alexander Evgen’evich Fersman, the well-known mineralogist, the geochemist, the traveler, the geographer, the poet of a stone. The microphotographs showing a bright optical face of fersmanite are given. читать далее...
Mineral aggregates in the Prometheus Cave in Western Georgia, p. 150 - 154
In 2011 near Kutaisi in the vicinity of Tsqaltubo city within the Lower Cretaceous limestones the Prometheus cave has been opened for visitors. The main types of mineral aggregates developed within the cave have been described. читать далее...